Thorium oxide is, therefore, a low level radioactive material which may give rise to both a small external radiation hazard and an internal hazard from ingestion or inhalation. The external hazard estimated for a welder holding an electrode for a whole year is a very small fraction of the maximum permissible radiation dose and it is concluded ...

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Cerium oxide gives a tungsten electrode very good ignition and reignition properties. Lanthanum oxide has good ignition properties and gives the electrodes a longer service life. Thorium oxide creates a very stable arc, however it is radioactive which means it is very harmful to health.

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Thorium oxide (or thoria) alloy electrodes were designed for DC applications and can withstand somewhat higher temperatures while providing many of the benefits of other alloys. However, it is somewhat radioactive. Inhalation of the thorium grinding dust during preparation of the electrode …

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Thorium oxide (or thoria) alloy electrodes were designed for DC applications and can withstand somewhat higher temperatures while providing many of the benefits of other alloys. However, it is somewhat radioactive. Inhalation of the thorium grinding dust during preparation of the electrode is hazardous to one's health.

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contains a metal oxide, but this fact sheet will focus on only those that contain a thorium oxide (in this case, thorium dioxide (ThO 2)). Typically, these widely used welding rods contain approximately one or two percent by weight of ThO 2 (hereafter referred to as thoriated tungsten welding rods), however some contain higher percentages.

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weight of naturally radioactive thorium oxide (hereafter referred to as thoriated tungsten welding rods), are widely used in industry. Using these welding rods can produce measurable levels of airborne radioactive material as a result of volatilizing the tip during welding, or grinding rods to put a point on the electrode prior to use.

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thorium oxide electrode tungsten Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Expired - Lifetime Application number US39408A Inventor Gemsa Johannes

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Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) also helps tungsten emit electrons freely. The addition of zirconium to the tungsten has the same effect on the electrode characteristic as thorium, but to a lesser degree. Because zirconium tungstens are more easily melted than thorium tungsten, ZrO2 electrodes can be used with both AC and DC currents.

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White powder. Density 9.7 g / cm3. Not soluble in water. Used in high-temperature ceramics, gas mantles, nuclear fuel, flame spraying, crucibles, non-silicia optical glass, catalysis, filaments in incandescent lamps, cathodes in electron tubes and arc-melting electrodes.

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Thorium oxide creates a very stable arc, but due to its radioactivity it is very harmful to health and as an additive to tungsten electrodes is now banned in many countries. Once thorium smoke or dust is inhaled, it can be deposited in the lungs and lead to internal radiation exposure. The pure tungsten electrode (WP green) enables a very ...

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In most applications, welders use tungsten that contains an emission-enhancing oxide such as Thorium, Cerium, or Lanthanum. These oxides naturally migrate from inside the tungsten to the heat at the point of the electrode, where they give off their oxide element in the arc, and leave a film of the metal alloy on the tip. This causes the ...

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Thorium tungsten electrode contains thorium oxide (Th02 or thorium oxide), which is the most commonly used tungsten electrode and has become a standard for judging the quality of other tungsten electrodes. However, due to the low-level radioactive hazards of this tungsten electrode, many users have switched to other options.

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General Description. White powder. Density 9.7 g / cm3. Not soluble in water. Used in high-temperature ceramics, gas mantles, nuclear fuel, flame spraying, crucibles, non-silicia optical glass, catalysis, filaments in incandescent lamps, cathodes in electron tubes and arc-melting electrodes.

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electrodes. Tungsten-Thorium Oxide alloys are generally safe to handle during use and almost all normal conditions and environments. Special precautions must be taken during the grinding or machining of tips of electrodes that contain Thorium Oxide to avoid the generation and subsequent inhalation of dusts from these operations.

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2% Thoriated Tungsten contains a nominal 2 wt-% or thorium oxide (ThO2) that is evenly dispersed throughout the entire length of the Tungsten. The most common type of Tungsten used today. Thoriated tungsten electrodes provides excellent resistance from weld pool contamination while at the same time offers the welder easier arc starting ...

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Tungsten with 0.8 to 4.2 weight-% thorium oxide Identification on the label / trade name TIG Electrodes WThX (X=10, 20, 30, 40) according to ISO 6848:2004 TIG Electrodes EWTh-1/EWTh-2 according to ANSI/AWS A5.12M 1.2. Use of the product 1.2.1. Identified uses Non melting electrode for TIG welding; electrodes for lightning; elec-

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